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Various studies have indicated that smoking reduces life expectancy, increases overall medical costs and contributes to a loss of productivity.(1) Although the consequences are well known, the absolute number of smokers continues to increase worldwide, particularly in developing countries, indicating that having information regarding those consequences does not induce people to permanently abandon the smoking habit, nor does it prevent new smokers from taking up the habit.(2) Studies evaluating the smoking habit, together with the variables that affect the onset, maintenance and cessation of smoking have shown that, due to a combination of psychological, physiological and social variables, the problems related to tobacco consumption and nicotine dependence are extremely complex.(3) The assessment of nicotine dependence is indispensable in epidemiological studies and in investigations of the effects of nicotine, as well as in studies regarding the treatment of smoking and of the various smoking-related diseases
Nature Medicine , 11 (5), 4918
I'm Quitting Smoking
While acknowledging that the product is dangerous and expensive to society, Slaton said, lifting the ban would have provided the best chance of meeting our goals and providing retirement security to members of CalPERS. Before the vote, however, board member and California Treasurer John Chiang wrote in a letter to his fellow board members that investing in tobacco-related securities is a bad economic decision for CalPERS beneficiaries, for the state in general and for the world as a whole, whether we invest directly or through others. For more business news, follow James F
